features of pteridophytes

Ø  Microspore gives rise to male prothallus which produces the male sex organ antheridium. Info. Ø  Most of the present day Pteridophytes are with herbaceous stem, some are woody. The plant body can be divided into true root, stem,... Browse more Topics under the Plant Kingdom. The diploid sporophyte is the dominant phase in the life cycle and the sporophyte is independent of gametophyte. The pteridophytes are found in cool, damp, shady places though some may flourish well in sandy ­soil conditions. Evolutionarily, they are the first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues - xylem and phloem. Bryophytes and pteridophytes are plants that are classified under kingdom of Plantae. Its means that the roots, stems, and leaves have vascular bundle, so Pteridophyta also known as Tracheophyta. The Salient Features Of Pteridophytes. Ø  The spores germinate to form the haploid gametophytic generation. Some pteridophytes are further united by the presence of a single leaf per vein, an arrangement known as a microphyll. They are the first evolved plant group with vascular tissue system for the conduction of water and food materials. Salient features of Pteridophytes Pteridophytes are the vascular Cryptogams. Ø  The Homosporous species are monoecious (antheridia and archegonia are borne on the same prothallus). The main plant body is a sporophyte. They grow in damp and shady places. The various characteristics of pteridophytes are: 1) They reproduce by making spores. Ø  The gametophytic and sporophytic plants are morphologically distinct. The impact of these positive features of the technique is such that FAO estimates that 37,600 accessions of plant material (vegetative and embryos) are conserved in vitro (including cryopreservation) worldwide. Ø  The spores are with thick wall. they produce two types of spores (microspres and megaspore). They are seedless and they are the simplest plants among the Tracheophytes (Plants having vascular tissues). Ø  The zygote divides many times to form the multicellular embryo. It is differentiated into root, stem and leaves. GENERAL FEATURES OF PTERIDOPHYTES Pteridophyta (Gr, Pteron = feather, phyton = plant), the name was originally given to those groups of plants which have well developed pinnate or frond like leaves. Ferns, horsetails (often treated as ferns), and lycophytes (clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts) are all pteridophytes. The body of the sporophyte is well differentiated into roots, stem and leaves. They grow in damp and shady places. CLASS - XI BIOLOGY (Plant Kingdom) 2 See answers Samz Samz Characteristics of Pteridophyta Pteridophyta is predicted as an oldest Cormophyta. Related posts: Short essay on Reproduction of Gymnosperms Short notes on Resemblances of Gymnosperms with Pteridophytes 15 Important Characteristics of Gymnosperms Important questions on Phanerogans: Gymnosperms … Today the group is represented by about 11,000 living species. Thallose liverworts and pteridophytes show similarity in vegetative structure of gametophytes. Tap to unmute. Also Read: Difference Between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Ø  This mucilage attracts the flagellated antherozoids towards the archegonium. Due to the presence of vascular tissue, they are called as Vascular Cryptogams. Pteridophytes were world wide in distribution and abundant in the geological past. These five subgroups are thallophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, bryophytes, and pteridophytes. Conclusion. Occurrence On the basis of the nature of leaves the pteridophytes are classified into: The stem is usually branched; branching is monopodial or dichotomous. Pteridophytes show a regular feature of alternation of generations. Thallophytes are a polyphyletic group of non-mobile organisms that are grouped together on the basis of similarity of characteristics but do not share a common ancestor. Pteridophytes display differentiation. Characteristics of Pteridophytes are as follows : 1)The sporophyte is the conspicuous and familiar plant body. Moreover, the spores developed in sporangia are either homosporous or heterosporous. Reproduction in Pteridophytes. Pteridophytes are the first true land plants. Ø  During the archegonial maturation, the neck and venter-canal cell degrade to produce a mucilaginous substance which oozes out through the canal. Shopping. The aerial portion is branched. You can DOWNLOAD the PPT of this topic from our Slideshare Account (Preview given below), Get our Updates on BOTANY in your E-mail Inbox Ø  The basal pole forms the foot and roots whereas the apical pole gives rise to shoot apex. Pteridophytes: General Characteristics PPT by Easybiologyclass 1. Pteridophytes are consisting of 129 species, 1 subspecies and 9 varieties under 62 genera belonging to 38 families (Dixit and Sinha, 2001). Ø  The gametophytic and sporophytic generations are two independent plants (not physically connected). Ø  In homosporous types, the prothallus is simple, green and heart shaped with many rhizoids. Characteristics of Pteridophytes. Clubmosses, quillworts, and spikemosses have this simple leaf arrangement. Don’t forget to Activate your Subscription…. Ø  The xylem chiefly composed of tracheids and very few parenchyma. Pteridophytes were world wide in distribution and abundant in the geological past. ADVERTISEMENTS: 1. Ø  The sporophytic plant body is differentiated into stem, root and leaves. Ø  The zygote is the first cell of the sporophytic generation. Being the first true land plants they include in their bodily features the results of many experiments that nature conducted with the sporophytic plant body on a primordial terrestrial habitat. Pteridophytes: General Characteristics (with PPT) @. General characteristics of Pteridophyta - definition 1. Bryophytes resemble pteridophytes in the following features: 1. Ø  Water is essential for completion of fertilization. 1. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Small sessile leaves: leaves are small without leaf stack (petiole), Example- Lycopodium, Selaginella, (3). Posts about features written by pteridophytes. Some pteridophytes are aquatic and some are epiphytes. So, the cyanobacteria that are also referred to as blue green algae are not ‘algae ’ any more. Ø  Heterosporous types are always dioecious (antheridia and archegonia are formed on separate male and female prothallus respectively). Ø  The primary roots are ephemeral (short-lived) and they are immediately replaced by adventitious roots. Pteridophytes shows large variation in the form, size and habit. Members of this group are most primitive living vascular plants. Ø  Pteridophytes show much variation in form, size, and habitat. Ferns are pteridophytes which a have leaf (finely divided into small parts), proper roots and underground stems. Ø  Based on the development, two types of sporangia are present in Pteridophytes: (1). Ø  The archegonia are differentiated into a swollen neck and narrow venter. Six important Features Of Gymnosperms What is the difference between Bryophyta and Pteridophyta? Antheridia and archegonia are the male and the female organ respectively. Pteron = feather and phyton = plants ; means plants with feather like fronds or ferns). 2. All the vascular plants have water and food conducting pipelines build up of xylem and phloem tissues, correspondingly. 2)The branching of the stem may be of monopodial or dichotomous type. Ø They are known as ‘Vascular Cryptogams’ – cryptogams with vascular system. 2. Gametophyte is a thalloid, called prothallus. 2. Ø  In true ferns, the sporangia are located on the lower surface of the leaf as clusters called sori (sorus). Ø  The antheridium is surrounded by a sterile jacket of single cell layer thickness (for protection). Large, petiolate compound leaves: occurs in true ferns, Example- Pteris, Angiopteris, Ø  In ferns, the young leaves show Circinate Vernation, (adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({}). Being the first true land plants they include in their bodily features the results of many experiments that nature conducted with the sporophytic plant body on a primordial terrestrial habitat. These include lichens, algae, fungus, bacteria and slime moulds and bryophytes. Plants that do not have well-differentiated body design fall in this group. Plantae includes algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. The megaspore and microspore germinate to give rise female and male gametophyte respectively. anceinclassifyingpteridophytes,fortheshape,size,arrange- ment and venation of leaves (andeven presenceor absence of leaves)are fundamental criteria.It so happens that itis The important characteristics of Pteridophytes are summarized below: Ø The division Pteridophyta includes primitive living and fossil vascular plants. Most pteridophytes are terrestrial and grow in moist and shady places while some flourish well in open, dry places especially in xeric conditions. – They are flowerless, seedless, spore producingvascular plant which have successfully invaded the land. The Lycopodiophyta is represented by only five relict genera (Isoetes, Lycopodium, Phylloglossum, Selaginella and Stilites) (WCMC,1992).The Pteridophyta are much more diverse than the Lycopodiophyta, showing great range of form and cosmopolitan in distribution ( WCMC, 1992) Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta is a small group of about 12000 species (WCMC, 1992; Chapman, 2009), with some … They were formerly categorized as a sub-kingdom of kingdom Plantae. Related posts: What are Pteridophytes? Pteridophytes have an internal conducting system consisting of xylem and phloem. Ø  Antherozoids are unicellular, spirally coiled or spindle shaped with two apical flagella. They are represented by about 400 living and fossils genera and some 10,500 species.

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