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Improve this question. Although the 3rd orbital can have a maximum of 18 electrons, the shell is considered full with 8 electrons if the 4s is not filled. Explain why the number of electrons in the third shell suddenly changes from 8 to 18 between the element calcium, Ca, and Gallium, Ga? 1,506 8 8 gold badges 18 18 silver badges 38 38 bronze badges. Atoms appear to be most stable with a complete outer shell one containing 8 electrons after the first, contributing to what is widely called the “ octet rule .”. Why are there only 8 electrons in the outer shell? 2nd will have 8. The next again has 8, so it holds 8. continued....6 electrons in its outer shell. Follow edited Oct 14 '15 at 15:55. the_random_guy42. Favourite answer. Thus 3d starts after 4s shells are filled. Which atom is reactive? S shells require only 2 electrons. orbitals atoms. D orbitals is 10. In the H2 molecule, 2 hydrogen atoms share 2 electrons. An atom of the element sulfur has....? However, the fourth period is where the transition metals start, so an extra 10 elements are involved. It hasn't any electrons in 4s or 3d (in the ground state). The first period has two elements, so the outer shell holds 2 electrons. Neon has a completed shell of 8 electrons as the outtermost shell, it therefore cannot react to form any compound. Hydrogen, atomic #1 has one proton in its core, so it has only one electron shell-S1. S orbitals can only fill up to 2 electrons. Improve this answer. So, second row elements like C, N, O would be most stable with eight electrons in the second shell. The the outer orbitals involve s and p electrons and hence 8 electrons is a peculiarity of the energy levels where d, f and g electrons enter the scene with lower principal quantum number. An atom of the element neon has 8 electrons in its outer shell. To remove this outer electron requires only the first ionization energy, which is +495.8 kJ per mole of sodium atoms, a small amount of energy. Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons: The first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell can hold up to eight (2 + 6) electrons, the third shell can hold up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) and so on. For the same reason, there are eight total slots available in the second shell (n=2, I=0,1, m =-1 to 1). Share. A sodium atom has a single electron in its outermost electron shell, the first and second shells again being full with two and eight electrons respectively. 1s2 means, the shell is filled with 2 electrons. Hydrogen is #2. A hydrogen atom only has a 1s orbital. 8 years ago. 1st shell will have 2 electrons. Silicon, with 14 electrons, has only filled 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s and half of 3p. The general formula is that the n th shell can in principle hold up to 2 ( n2) electrons. Share. P orbitals is 6. Why is it that atoms with eight electrons in the outer shell are extremely stable? An s orbital can hold a 1 or 2 electrons. It's true that the 3rd shell can hold up to 18 electrons, but the catch is this: When a shell is the outer shell, 8 electrons is the most it can hold, no matter what the future total capacity of the shell may be. Why are there only 8 Electrons in the Outer Shell. And this is why hydrogen and helium are stable with 2 electrons because those two electrons fill the n=1 shell. asked Sep 19 '12 at 13:25. Look at the periodic table. 3rd will have 18. Its outermost electrons, or those in the highest energy orbital, determine the properties of an atom. Because there are 10 euments between Ca and Ga. 8.On the Table of Electron Shells handout complete the bottom section to describe the ion properties of each group. For example, only when the 4th shell contains 2 electrons will the 9th electron go into the 3rd shell. F orbitals is 14. so, if you count all the 1 (1st valance shell) till 6. Why does the number of electrons in the third shell suddenly change from 8 to 18? The next period has 8, so the outer shell holds 8. Look at the periodic table.

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